Information, misinformation, and disinformation are central concepts in the digital age, and their study raises important questions about how individuals and communities navigate this complex landscape. Assistant Professor of Communication, Zach McDowell, defines information as any piece of data or knowledge that conveys meaning, whether factual, inspirational, or speculative. However, McDowell argues that true information goes beyond mere truth; it can encompass a wide range of topics, including ideas, concepts, and even opinions. His notable distinction lies in his exploration of misinformation and disinformation, highlighting the need to focus on the reliability and credibility of information rather than the mere…

The year ended on a dark note for millions of U.S. children after the most intense measles epidemic in a decade, with two children passing away and millennia ofcmcbe/octとなってfty districts*sapping trust in vaccines. The surge was fueled by the killer conspiracy theory that vaccination causes autism symptoms, a belief that seems deeply rooted in Republican voters—twice as likely to fetalveiroas as Democrats. A nationwide survey in April 2023 revealed consistent numbers: two-thirds of Republicans knew about the rise in cases, while two-thirds of Democrats were uncertain. The discrepancy came to light with a June 2023 survey, now over two decades…